New, useful and cool


If you are a System Operator, Substation Operator or Beginning Relay Tech then you will love these "EXCEL-ent" Training Modules. Built with EXCEL97 these are spreadsheets that simulate the conditions that you want to train on. This particular spreadsheet simulator allows you to open the circuit breakers and bypass disconnect switch with the push of the green buttons. Close the breakers and the switch with a click on the red push-button. Change the load or the CT ratios with the appropriate spin buttons. Find the values that trip the 86T. You learn from your mistakes on a spreadsheet simulator instead of mistakes in the substation! Learn how the differential circuit gets balanced or trips.

As the breakers operate, as the load changes, as the CT ratios change then all of the pre-formatted cells show the changes in the substation. The secondary currents change through the operate coil of the 87T, if you reach trip level the 86T trips. When the 86T trips, the breakers open, the load current goes to zero.

This 87T training spreadsheet is just one of the four 87T training modules available.

This worksheet allows for the application of an internal transformer fault to show ultimately what the 87T is all about. The other worksheets of this 87T training module demonstrate, graphically, such additional problems to differential relaying as transformer tap changers, ct errors, and percentage differential relaying, (as well as a through-fault to really challenge the circuit).


Every worksheet has text included as background lessons as well as the simulator. If you want to add text or add test questions to fit your companies training needs then do it. If you can run this Excel 97 spreadsheet then you can change it!

Formatting to fit your needs because you can do it yourself!


Presently our list of available modules includes :

Introduction to 87B

Introduction to relays - 27 & 50

Introduction to relays - 67

Introduction to relays - 21

CT's and PT's

CT Polarity

Introduction to Neutral Current (in single-phase switching)

New Zero Sequence Voltage New

87T Part 1 (87T circuit and one-line introduced) (graphics pictured this page)

87T Part 2 (Tap changer errors are introduced)

87T Part 3 (CT errors are introduced)

87T Part 4 (Percantage Differential Relay is introduced)



The cost of each module is a mere US$100.00 each.

You can mix and match. Buy just one or buy them all.

Some of the modules build on topics presented in previous modules so we recommend, of course, that you buy them all.


Other modules are presently in different stages of development .

If you are interested in any of these subjects or have ideas about other subjects then contact us.

The graphics, operations and lessons are formatted and written by individuals with many years experience in both System Operations and Substations. In fact one of the authors has given presentations at Dispatch Conferences and has spent years as a dispatcher trainer. The other author has been involved with relay and substation maintenance and has other software titles.

Because this revolutionary concept is spreadsheet based then you can actually change things to more closely match your needs.

We have had companies interested in semi-custom versions that exactly match problem substation situations. While this might be done on an individual basis, you could, instead, mix, match and modify our pre-designed, generic modules to your desires.

This is a dramatic step in the training of the next generation of operators and technicians. This does not replace your present training system, it adds a new dimension.